Análisis clínico-radiológico de la prótesis total de rodilla OMICRON 2®. Estudio multicéntrico con seguimiento a largo plazo

Carlos Alberto Vega; Favio  Moruno; Pablo Javier Megey; Wilmer Jimenez Ríos; Carlos Francisco Satragno

doi:10.15417/issn.1852-7434.2026.91.5.2225

Carlos Vega Unidad de Rodilla, Hospital Municipal Central de San Isidro “Dr. Melchor Á. Posse“, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Unidad de Cadera y Rodilla, Hospital Zonal de Agudos “Dr. Carlos A. Bocalandro“, Buenos Aires, Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6104-5099
Favio Moruno Unidad de Rodilla, Hospital Municipal Central de San Isidro “Dr. Melchor Á. Posse“, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Unidad de Cadera y Rodilla, Hospital Zonal de Agudos “Dr. Carlos A. Bocalandro“, Buenos Aires, Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9522-4079
Javier Megey Unidad de Rodilla, Hospital Municipal Central de San Isidro “Dr. Melchor Á. Posse“, Buenos Aires, Argentina https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3452-0257
Wilmer Jimenez Unidad de Rodilla, Hospital Municipal Central de San Isidro “Dr. Melchor Á. Posse“, Buenos Aires, Argentina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5095-9215
Carlos F. Satragno Unidad de Cadera y Rodilla, Hospital Municipal “Bernardo Houssay”, Buenos Aires, Argentina https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5294-6082

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15417/issn.1852-7434.2026.91.5.2225

Palabras clave: Artroplastia de rodilla, artrosis, OMICRON 2®, supervivencia

Resumen

Introducción: La artroplastia total de rodilla es el tratamiento ideal para la artrosis severa. El sistema OMICRON 2®, introducido en la Argentina, en 2009, desarrolló mejoras en el diseño e instrumental destinadas a optimizar y aumentar la supervivencia del implante. Materiales y Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional, longitudinal y retrospectivo sobre 1346 artroplastias totales de rodilla realizadas entre 2009 y 2024, en tres hospitales de la provincia de Buenos Aires. Presentamos el seguimiento clínico-radiológico completo de 616 pacientes. Se utilizaron los cuestionarios KSS y WOMAC para valorar la funcionalidad en el tiempo con radiografías estandarizadas. La supervivencia se definió como la permanencia del implante en el sitio, sin revisión, evaluado mediante curvas de Kaplan-Meier. Resultados: La media de edad era de 71.6 años. El diagnóstico más frecuente fue gonartrosis primaria (86%). La supervivencia del implante a los 15 años fue del 92,4%. El puntaje KSS mejoró de 37,5 antes de la cirugía a 85,1 a los 15 años, y el puntaje WOMAC, de 89,2 a 15,5. El 89,8% no tenía signos de aflojamiento al final del seguimiento; solo un 2% presentó cambios mínimos femorales. Las complicaciones fueron infecciones (2,7%), aflojamiento séptico, fracturas periprotésicas e inestabilidad. Conclusión: El sistema OMICRON 2® tuvo un buen rendimiento clínico y radiológico, con una alta supervivencia a largo plazo; es una opción confiable en la artroplastia total de rodilla.

Descargas

La descarga de datos todavía no está disponible.

Biografía del autor/a

Carlos Vega, Unidad de Rodilla, Hospital Municipal Central de San Isidro “Dr. Melchor Á. Posse“, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Unidad de Cadera y Rodilla, Hospital Zonal de Agudos “Dr. Carlos A. Bocalandro“, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Unidad de Rodilla, Hospital Municipal Central de San Isidro “Dr. Melchor Á. Posse“, Buenos Aires, Argentina Unidad de Cadera y Rodilla, Hospital Zonal de Agudos “Dr. Carlos A. Bocalandro“, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Favio Moruno, Unidad de Rodilla, Hospital Municipal Central de San Isidro “Dr. Melchor Á. Posse“, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Unidad de Cadera y Rodilla, Hospital Zonal de Agudos “Dr. Carlos A. Bocalandro“, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Unidad de Rodilla, Hospital Municipal Central de San Isidro “Dr. Melchor Á. Posse“, Buenos Aires, Argentina Unidad de Cadera y Rodilla, Hospital Zonal de Agudos “Dr. Carlos A. Bocalandro“, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Javier Megey, Unidad de Rodilla, Hospital Municipal Central de San Isidro “Dr. Melchor Á. Posse“, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Unidad de Rodilla, Hospital Municipal Central de San Isidro “Dr. Melchor Á. Posse“, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Wilmer Jimenez, Unidad de Rodilla, Hospital Municipal Central de San Isidro “Dr. Melchor Á. Posse“, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Unidad de Rodilla, Hospital Municipal Central de San Isidro “Dr. Melchor Á. Posse“, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Carlos F. Satragno, Unidad de Cadera y Rodilla, Hospital Municipal “Bernardo Houssay”, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Unidad de Cadera y Rodilla, Hospital Municipal “Bernardo Houssay”, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Citas

Jauregui JJ, Cherian JJ, Pierce TP, Beaver WB, Issa K, Mont MA. Long-term survivorship and clinical outcomes

following total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2015;30(12):2164-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2015.05.052

Argenson JN, Boisgard S, Parratte S, Descamps S, Bercovy M, Bonnevialle P, et al. Survival analysis of total knee

arthroplasty at a minimum 10 years follow-up: A multicenter French nationwide study including 846 cases. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2013;99(4):385-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.otsr.2013.03.014

Parratte S, Pagnano MW, Trousdale RT, Berry DJ. Effect of postoperative mechanical axis alignment on the fifteenyear survival of modern, cemented total knee replacements. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2010;92(12):2143-9.

https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.I.01398

Aujla RS, Esler C. Total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis in patients <55 years of age: A systematic review, J

Arthroplasty 2017;32(8):2598-2603.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2017.02.069

Longo UG, Ciuffreda M, Mannering N, D’Andrea V, Locher J, Salvatore G, et al. Outcomes of posterior-stabilized

compared with cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty J Knee Surg 2018;31(04):321-40. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1603902

Benazzo F, Ghiara M, Rossi SMP, Pruneri E, Tiwari T, Perelli S. Clinical and radiological analysis of a personalized

total knee arthroplasty system design. Int Orthop 2019;43(5):1113-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-018-4095-4

Callaghan JJ, Martin CT, Gao Y, Andrew J, Pugely AJ, Liu SS, et al. What can be learned from minimum 20-year

followup studies of knee arthroplasty? Clin Orthop Relat Res 2015;473(1):94-100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-014-3744-1

Becker R, Doring C, Denecke A, Brosz M. Expectation, satisfaction and clinical outcome of patients after total knee arthroplasty Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2011;19(9):1433-41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-011-1621-y

Meneghini RM, Mont MA, Backstein DB, Bourne RB, Dennis DA, Scuderi GR. Development of a modern knee Society Radiographic Evaluation System and Methodology for total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2015;30(12):2311-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2015.05.049

Baek JH, Lee SC, Choi K, Ahn HS, Nam CH. Long-term survivorship of total knee arthroplasty with a single-radius, high-flexion posterior stabilized prosthesis. Knee 2021;30(12):275-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knee.2021.04.017

Fernandez-Fernandez R, Rodriguez-Merchan EC. Better survival of total knee replacement in patients older than 70 years: a prospective study with 8 to 12 years follow-up. Arch Bone Jt Surg 2015;3(1):22-8. PMID: 25692165

Cherian JJ, Kapadia BK, Banerjee S, Jauregui JJ, Issa K, Mont MA. Mechanical, anatomical, and kinematic axis

in TKA: Concepts and practical applications. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 2014;7(2):89-95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12178-014-9218-y

Migliorini F, Eschweiler J, Niewiera M, El Mansy Y, Tingart M, Rath B. Better outcomes with patellar resurfacing

during primary total knee arthroplasty: a meta-analysis study. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2019;139(10):1445-54.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-019-03246-z

Kumar N, Yadav C, Raj R, Anand S. How to interpret postoperative X-rays after total knee arthroplasty. Orthop Surg 2014;6(3):179-86. https://doi.org/10.1111/os.12123

Hirschmann MT, Konala P, Amsler F, Iranpour F, Friederich NF, Cobb JP. The position and orientation of total

knee replacement components: a comparison of conventional radiographs, transverse 2D-CT slices and 3D-CT

reconstruction. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2011;3(5):629-33. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.93B5.25893

Sarmah SS, Patel S, Hossain FS, Haddad FS. The radiological assessment of total and unicompartmental knee

replacements. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2012;94(10):1321-9. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.94B10.29411

Ewald FC. The Knee Society total knee arthroplasty roentgenographic evaluation and scoring system. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1989;(248):9-12. PMID: 2805502

Bach CM, Steingruber IE, Peer S, Nogler M, Wimmer C, Ogon M. Radiographic assessment in total knee

arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2001;(385):144-50. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003086-200104000-00022

Ritter MA, Davis KE, Meding JB, Pierson FL, Berend ME, Malinzak RA. The effect of alignment and BMI on failure of total knee replacement. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2011;93(17):1588-96. https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.J.00772

Choong PF, Dowsey MM, Stoney JD. Does accurate anatomical alignment result in better function and quality

of life? Comparing conventional and computer-assisted total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2009;24(4):560-9.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2008.02.018

Longstaff LM, Sloan K, Stamp N, Scaddan M, Beaver R. Good alignment after total knee arthroplasty leads to faster rehabilitation and better function. J Arthroplasty 2009;24(4):570-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2008.03.002

Duffy GP, Trousdale RT, Stuart MJ. Total knee arthroplasty in patients 55 years old or younger. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1998;(356):22-7. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003086-199811000-00005

Stuart MJ, Rand JA. Total knee arthroplasty in young adults who have rheumatoid arthritis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1988;70(1):84-7. PMID: 3335576

Keenan AC, Wood AM, Arthur CA, Jenkins PJ, Brenkel IJ, Walmsley PJ. Ten-year survival of cemented total knee

replacement in patients aged less than 55 years. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2012;94(7):928-31. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.94B7.27031

Roberts VI, Esler CN, Harper WM. A 15-year follow-up study of 4606 primary total knee replacements. J Bone

Joint Surg Br 2007;89(11):1452-6. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.89B11.19783

Julin J, Jämsen E, Puolakka T, Konttinen YT, Moilanen T. Younger age increases the risk of early prosthesis failure following primary total knee replacement for osteoarthritis. A follow-up study of 32,019 total knee replacements in the Finnish Arthroplasty Register. Acta Orthop 2010;81(4):413-9. https://doi.org/10.3109/17453674.2010.501747

Ritter MA. The Anatomical Graduated Component total knee replacement. A long-term evaluation with 20-year survival analysis. Bone Joint Surg Br 2009;91-B(6):745-9. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.91B6.21854

Collier MB, Engh CA, McAuley JP, Ginn SD, Engh GA. Osteolysis after total knee arthroplasty: Influence of tibial

baseplate surface finish and sterilization of polyethylene insert. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2005; 87(12):2702-8.

https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.E.00074

Reay E, Wu J, Holland J, Deehan D. Premature failure of the Kinemax plus total knee replacements. J Bone Joint

Surg Br 2009;91(5):604-11. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.91B5.21525

Evans JT, Walker RW, Evans JP, Blom AW, Sayers A, Whitehouse MR. How long does a knee replacement last? A

systematic review and meta-analysis of case series and national registry reports with more than 15 years of followup. Lancet 2019;393(10172):655-3. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32531-5

Callaghan JJ. Mobile-bearing knee replacement: Clinical results: A review of the literature. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2001;(392):221-5. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003086-200111000-00027

Van Loon C, Wisse M, de Waal Malefijt M, Jansen RH, Veth RP. The kinematic total knee arthroplasty. Arch Orthop Traumatol Surg 2000;120(1-2):48-52. https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00021215

Buechel FF sr. Long-term follow up after mobile-bearing total knee replacement. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2002;(404):40-50. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003086-200211000-00008

Ito J, Koshino T, Okamoto R, Saito T. 15-year follow-up study of total knee arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Arthroplasty 2003;(8):984-2. https://doi.org/10.1016/S08835403(03)00262-6